When two or more letters are combined into one character, it is called a ligature. In typography some ligatures represent specific sounds or words such as the AE or æ diphthong ligature. In handwriting and typography, a ligature occurs where two or more graphemes are joined as a single glyph. Sadly not all fonts include ligatures.
| Symbol | Symbol name | Symbol design description |
Ææ | Ae (Aesc) | This diphthong (two vowels) is the ligature for the letters “ae”, traditionally used in words like Cæsar, luekæmia, pædiatric, anæsthesia and encyclopædia |
Œœ | Oe | This diphthong (two vowels) is the ligature for the letters “oe”, traditionally used in words like fœtus, diarrhœa and œstrogen |
ß | Sz (German) | Not to be confused with Greek Beta |
Þþ | Thorn or Th
(Traditional English) | A capital letter “P” and a lowercase letter “p” with a raised upright |
Ðð | Eth
(Traditional English) | A capital letter “D” with a horizontal line through the upright and a lowercase reverse-italic “d” with a line across the upright |
st | st | |
ſt | ft | |
ff | ff | |
fi | fi | |
fl | fl | |
ffi | ffi | |
ffl | ffl | |
Ŋŋ | Eng | Uppercase and lowercase |
